The most sought-after cultural heritage of Kerala is Nagaram songs. These songs are the most important part of the musical tradition and this musical conte
nt was preserved by sung in deathly. The most important aspect of these songs is their performance style and the way they use instruments like veena and thavil with lyrics penned down in poetry. This article discusses different aspects like its origin, performances during festivals, current status, historic importance etc. The article also discusses some other important aspects like archiving, preservation process etc.

The origin of Nagaram songs dates back to prehistoric times. According to beliefs, these songs were popularized by the priest who was performing death rituals for the departed soul, and the singer accompanied him with his music. This is an ancient art form in Kerala. Initially, Nagara referred to a place where people gather in large numbers for participating in rituals or ceremonies. ‘Nagam’ means gathering. And hence this musical art form came to be called as ‘Nagaram’ songs. All over Kerala these songs are sung during traditional folk dances or Kolkali which was also called as Nagarattom. These folk dances are specific to Hindus only during their festivals like Onam, Vishu etc. It is compulsory to have songs when they do Kolkali. These songs, when sung in a traditional way, can be crucial part of a good performance in a kothalali dance program.

The specific instrument used for this is called as "thavil" or "panchavadya". It is a barrel shaped drum with two huge wooden sticks. In the past, the drum was made from half coconut shell and its size was twenty-four inches long and twelve inches wide. The right hand beats the drum which produces rhythmic patterns while the left hand produces bass patterns by striking the middle portion of the barrel’s body with a short stick or palm of hand. It has no specific pitch like modern drums. It depends on the performer to make different pitches with his beats.

There are other instruments too which are used in Nagaram songs. These are called as "thimila", "maddalam", "ezhuval", "kombu" and other percussion instruments. The basic instrument is the Thimila which is basically a percussion instrument similar to traditional Tabla of north India. There are two different sizes of thimila, one is bigger to accompany the song while the other one is smaller while playing solo pieces or creating rhythm by beating with fingers.

The Maddalam is made of one palm or stick which is covered with wooden or bamboo shells. It has four small holes in the top. It produces very tune pitch notes by striking the wood with a stick. The musician can alter pitch by varying the speed and strikes of his fingers while hitting on the curved surfaces on top of each hole.

The Ezhuval is a long drum whose body and head is made of bamboo and body and side ways are made up of carved boxwood. The head consists of two large holes which produces rhythmic pattern while playing it.
The Kombu is a wooden cone-shaped drum similar to Carnatic drums. 518eeb4e9f3231
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